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Creators/Authors contains: "Donatiello, Giuseppe"

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  1. Abstract We report the discovery of three faint and ultrafaint dwarf galaxies—Sculptor A, Sculptor B, and Sculptor C—in the direction of NGC 300 (D= 2.0 Mpc), a Large Magellanic Cloud–mass galaxy. Deep ground-based imaging with Gemini/GMOS resolves all three dwarf galaxies into stars, each displaying a red giant branch indicative of an old, metal-poor stellar population. No young stars or Higas are apparent, and the lack of a GALEX UV detection suggests that all three systems are quenched. Sculptor C (D= 2.04 0.13 + 0.10 Mpc;MV=  −9.1 ± 0.1 mag orLV= (3.7 0.3 + 0.4 ) × 105L) is consistent with being a satellite of NGC 300. Sculptor A (D= 1.35 0.08 + 0.22 Mpc;MV= −6.9 ± 0.3 mag orLV= (5 1 + 1 ) × 104L) is likely in the foreground of NGC 300 and at the extreme edge of the Local Group, analogous to the recently discovered ultrafaint Tucana B in terms of its physical properties and environment. Sculptor B (D= 2.48 0.24 + 0.21 Mpc;MV= −8.1 ± 0.3 mag orLV= (1.5 0.4 + 0.5 ) × 105L) is likely in the background, but future distance measurements are necessary to solidify this statement. It is also of interest due to its quiescent state and low stellar mass. Both Sculptor A and B are ≳2–4rvirfrom NGC 300 itself. The discovery of three dwarf galaxies in isolated or low-density environments offers an opportunity to study the varying effects of ram-pressure stripping, reionization, and internal feedback in influencing the star formation history of the faintest stellar systems. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 10, 2025